tomato soap by fahad silongan

“The feasibility of tomato extract as the main ingredients in soap making”

“Tomato Soap”

Researchers:

§  Fahad U. Silongan IV-Diamond

§  Haronn Ayob IV-Diamond

§  Fahad A. Jainal IV-Diamond
  Datumama Sula IV-diamond

                                                                                       Mr.Regemelic Simyunn

                                                                        Adviser

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement

Abstract                                                                                                                            

 Chapter 1:  Introduction        

§  Background of the study               

§  Statement of the problem              

§  Significance of the study               

§  Objectives of the study                    

§  Scope and Delimitation of the study    

Chapter II:  Review of Related Literature                                          

Chapter III:  Methodology      

§  Materials and Equipments               

§  Procedures                                         

                     

Chapter IV:  Results and Discussions                

Chapter V:  Conclusion and Recommendation  

Bibliography 

 Abstract:

            The scope of this study included not only the analysis of the some properties of tomato extract that may make a soap but the other usage and benefit of the tomato. The product has been made with no incidents happen, when we are experimenting, we make the soap simple as possible by simply followed the right procedure and produced the exact quantity of the ingredients. The first thing, we need to Extract the tomato from tomato fruit:
we need to have 20ml of tomato extract, so first, we get the tomato fruit  and wash it  and put it into a bowl, slice the tomato into small pieces then we extract the extract by using the cloth and squashing it
by using our hands, and the extract will put into a bowl.  For the next procedure which is soap making
First we mix the 100g sodium hydroxide and 40ml water then we mixed it
thoroughly, then mix the 10ml coconut oil and then mix. After that we added the 10ml tomato extract and then mix. After it will harden enough to become soap we will put it on a plastic container or molder.

The days passed. The time of gathering the test, the product produce successful research that is effectively.  No incidents happen, no problems met. It indicates that the researcher proudly presents the fruit of their works which is tomato soap and last, we therefore conclude that the tomato soap that we had made is very effective and it can be a substitute to the machinery made soap products.

Chapter 1:

                                                Introduction:

Background of the study:

            Scientist Albert Einstein said: “everything should be made simple as possible but not simpler”. That was probably true. According to the study almost 85% of people now a days rely on the things that was already made or machinery made, including, foods, clothing and cosmetics, not knowing that the product which made by machinery made studied at United state states that it in shorten our life span because of the chemical ingredients. An investigative project named “tomato soap” studied and experiment by the researchers coming from Cotabato City National High School Main-campus students, which aim to promote or to explore the unexplored usage of the tomato.

The tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) originated in South America and it has been grown in Europe for hundreds of years and is now extensively grown around the world.  The tomato is an herbaceous, usually sprawling plant in the Solanceae, or nightshade family that is typically cultivated for the purpose of its fruit for human consumption.  The tomato is recognized worldwide for its savory flavor and distinctive red color.  Thousands of varieties of tomatoes exist; however, the most commonly cultivated varieties may include classic, cherry and cocktail, plum and baby plum, beef and vine or truss. 

Tomatoes can be cultivated under cover in greenhouses or outside in orchards and can be consumed fresh, canned or used to produce sauces, juices, pastes or powder.  The seed also yields 24% oil which is used in salad oil, margarines and soap.  Tomato plants typically reach 1-3m in height and have a weak, woody stem that often vines over other plants.  The leaves are 10-25cm long, with 5-9 leaflets which can each get up to 8cm long with a serrated margin.  The plant is also covered with short coarse hairs and has a glandular secretion with a characteristic unpleasant odor, particularly when bruised.

Glutation is another component with proved antioxidant properties that helps to eliminate free radicals, responsible for the appearance of many illnesses, among those, the most terrible one: cancer.

Other beneficial components to detoxify the organism are vitamin C and vitamin A. It helps the body to attain cellular growth, to maintain the bones and the teeth in good state, to help the immunologic system to combat infections, and to maintain sight in good state.

·      Statement of the problem

        The proponent has decided to take up this investigation to find other usage of the tomato and its undiscovered usage.

This study tries to answer the following questions:

ü Does tomato fruit can substitute for expensive soap and more effective?

ü It can be suitable for the user?

ü This product is safe to use?

Significance of the study:

The importance of this study is to motivate and explore ourselves on how we are going to create and discovered the hidden benefits of tomatoes in our skin and to create practical problems and solve it with practical or conditional answer which is fit to the main problems.

                If successful, this would also lessen our dependence on machinery soap, thereby substantially reducing the need to expense more money.

·       Objectives of the study

The researcher conducted this study to determine the additional potential usage of this skin soap product. The following are the specific objectives of the study.

1.     To determine effects of the soap, wherein, it is effective or not.

2.      To determine whether there is a significant difference between the caring capacity of the tomato fruit mixed with the other ingredients in making soap which is sodium hydroxide, oil and etc.

3.      To determine the effects of tomato alone with no other fruits/vegetables include.

·       Scope and limitations:

According to the test we gathered this product is successfully done by experimenting. This study has its own limitation because as for today, there is no problem that we encountered like skin irritations by using this product. So when some problems encountered do please recommend to a dermatologist for further information and cure.

Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

Soap
Soap is a combination of animal fat or plant oil and caustic soda.
When dissolved in water, it breaks dirt away from surfaces.
Through the ages soap has been used to cleanse, to cure skin sores,
to dye hair, and as a salve or skin ointment. But today we generally use
soap as a cleanser or perfume.

The exact origins of soap are unknown, though Roman sources claim it dates
back to at least 600 B.C., when Phoenicians prepared it from goat's tallow and wood ash.
Soap was also made by the Celts, ancient inhabitants of Britain.
Soap was used widely throughout the Roman empire, primarily as a medicine.
Mention of soap as a cleanser does not appear until the second century A.D.
By the eighth century, soap was common in France, Italy, and Spain,
but it was rarely used in the rest of Europe until as late as the 17th century.

Manufacture of soap began in England around the end of the 12th century.
Soap-makers had to pay a heavy tax on all the soap they produced.
The tax collector locked the lids on soap boiling pans every night to prevent illegal soap manufacture after hours. Because of the high tax, soap was a luxury item, and it did not come into common use in England until after the tax was repealed in 1853. In the 19th century, soap was affordable and popular throughout Europe.

Early soap manufacturers simply boiled a solution of wood ash and animal fat. A foam substance formed at the top of the pot. When cooled, it hardened into soap. Around 1790, French soapmaker Nicolas Leblanc developed a method of extracting caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) from common table salt (sodium chloride), replacing the wood ash element of soap. The French chemist Eugene-Michel Chevreul put the soap-forming process (called in English saponification) into concrete chemical terms in 1823. In saponification, the animal fat, which is chemically neutral, splits into fatty acids, which react with alkali carbonates to form soap, leaving glycerin as a byproduct. Soap was made with industrial processes by the end of the 19th century, though people in rural areas, such as the pioneers in the western United States, continued to make soap at home.

Raw Materials

Soap requires two major raw materials: fat and alkali. The alkali most commonly used today is sodium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide can also be used. Potassium-based soap creates a more water-soluble product than sodium-based soap, and so it is called "soft soap." Soft soap, alone or in combination with sodium-based soap, is commonly used in shaving products.

Animal fat in the past was obtained directly from a slaughterhouse. Modern soapmakers use fat that has been processed into fatty acids. This eliminates many impurities, and it produces as byproduct water instead of glycerin. Many vegetable fats, including olive oil, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil, are also used in soap making.

Additives are used to enhance the color, texture, and scent of soap. Fragrances and perfumes are added to the soap mixture to cover the odor of dirt and to leave behind a fresh-smelling scent. Abrasives to enhance the texture of soap include talc, silica, and marble pumice (volcanic ash). Soap made without dye is a dull grey or brown color, but modern manufacturers color soap to make it more enticing to the consumer.


Tomato Extract:

Tomato extract contains carotenoids such as lycopene, beta carotene, and vitamin E, which are known as effective antioxidants, to inactivate free radicals, and to slow the progression of atherosclerosis. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of tomato extract on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in grade-1 HT, on serum lipoproteins, plasma homocysteine, and oxidative stress markers. METHODS: This study is a single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Thirty-one subjects with grade-1 HT, without concomitant diseases, who required no antihypertensive or lipid-lowering drug therapy, who were recruited from primary care clinics, completed the trial. Subjects entered a 4-week placebo period, then an 8-week treatment period with tomato extract, 250 mg Lyc-O-Mato, and a 4-week control period with placebo. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure decreased from 144 (SE +/- 1.1) to 134 mm Hg (SE +/- 2, P < .001), and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 87.4 (SE +/- 1.2) to 83.4 mm Hg (SE +/- 1.2, P < .05). No changes in blood pressure were demonstrated during placebo periods. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, a lipid per oxidation products marker, decreased from 4.58 (SE +/- 0.27) to 3.81 nmol/mg (SE +/- 0.32, P < .05). No significant changes were found in lipid parameters. CONCLUSIONS: A short-term treatment with antioxidant-rich tomato extract can reduce blood pressure in patients with grade-1 HT, naive to drug therapy. The continuous effect of this treatment and the long-term beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk factors still need to be demonstrated.

                          Chapter III

Methodology:

Extracting of tomato extract from tomato fruit:
we need to have 20ml of tomato extract so first we will get tomato fruit washed and
a bowl used to put the tomato extract there and a cloth first we need to slice
the tomato into small pieces then we will extract the extract by using the cloth and
by using our hands we will squash the tomato into the cloth and put the extract into
the bowl.

Soap making:
We will use the tomato extract for our next procedure. First we will mix the 100g sodium hydroxide and 40ml water and mix it
thoroughly, then mix the 10ml coconut oil and then mix. After that add the 10ml tomato extract and then mix. After it will harden enough to become soap we will put it on a plastic container or molder.

Materials & equipments:

·        20ml  Tomato extracts

·        40ml Water

·        100g  Sodium hydroxide

·        10ml  Coconut oil

·        Plastic container/molder

·        Knife

·        Chopping board

·        Clean white cloth

·        Bowls

·        Beaker

·        Graduated cylinder

Procedure:

·        Step 1: wash the tomato fruit and put it into the bowl.

·        Step 2: Slice the tomato fruit into small pieces.

·        Step 3: we will extract the tomato fruit by using cloth by squashing the tomato and we will put it into the bowl.

·        Step 4: afterwards, using the measuring apparatus, we measure the quantity of the extract needed.

·        Step 5: prepare the 40ml water, 10ml oil and 100g of sodium hydroxide.

·        Step 6: for our next procedure, we will mix the 100g sodium hydroxide and 40ml water and mix it thoroughly.

·        Step 7. Afterwards, we will mix the 10ml tomato extract and mix it thoroughly.

·        Step 8. After it will harden enough to become soap, we will put it on a plastic container/molder.

Chapter IV

Results and Discussions

Result and discussions:

Representative	Effective	Not effective
TEST 1	YES
TEST 2	YES
TEST 3	YES
TEST 4	YES

           

            The results of the test performed by the researchers to the representative for the testing of product; in the first after we apply the product, the skin of the representative becomes smoother. In the next test, the skin of representative becomes smoother. In the third test, the unexpected result appeared, the oily skin of the representative becomes normal and smoothers. In the last test we gathered, the skin of the representative becomes normal, smoother skin and becomes lightens. It indicates that we are successfully done by this product with no anything else happen.

Chapter V

Conclusion and recommendation

·     Conclusion:

       Based on the results of these test, the researchers, therefore, conclude that the tomato soap is effective most likely in expensive soap product. And it is also an alternative substitute in expensive soap product. In the test we gathered there are no skin irritations or some skin problems we had met.

Recommendation:

The researcher recommended that if some problems exist, make sure that you should familiar with the first aid and please consult to dermatologist for further cure, and it might that this study needs more study to explore the other effects of this product.